文章发布:奇速英语 发布时间:Dec 8, 2025 4:42:28 PM 访问量:11
词形转换是高考英语语法填空、短文改错、书面表达的核心考点之一。本文整理了历年高考中频繁出现的词形转换词汇,每个词条均包含基础词性、转换形式、核心释义及高考适配例句,帮助考生精准掌握用法,提升答题效率。 D开头高频词形转换 1. distant (adj. 遥远的;疏远的) 转换形式:distance (n. 距离;间距) 核心例句: · The mountains in the distance look very beautiful in the sunset.(夕阳下,远处的山脉看起来格外美丽。——2023年全国甲卷阅读理解原句改编) · She kept a distant attitude towards the stranger to avoid trouble.(为避免麻烦,她对陌生人保持着疏远的态度。) 2. dirt (n. 灰尘;污垢) 转换形式:dirty (adj. 脏的;v. 弄脏) 核心例句: · The little boy played in the mud and got his clothes dirty.(小男孩在泥里玩耍,把衣服弄脏了。——2022年新高考II卷语法填空考点) · Please wipe off the dirt on the desk before the teacher comes.(老师来之前,请擦掉桌子上的灰尘。) 3. develop (v. 发展;培养;研制) 转换形式:development (n. 发展;进展);developing (adj. 发展中的);developed (adj. 发达的) 核心例句: · China has made great progress in the development of high-speed rail.(中国在高铁发展方面取得了巨大进步。——2024年全国乙卷书面表达素材) · Developing countries need more international support to improve people's living standards.(发展中国家需要更多国际支持来提高人民生活水平。) · The United States is one of the most developed countries in the world.(美国是世界上最发达的国家之一。) 4. difficult (adj. 困难的;不易的) 转换形式:difficulty (n. 困难;难题) 核心例句: · We should face difficulties bravely instead of giving up easily.(我们应该勇敢面对困难,而不是轻易放弃。——2021年全国I卷短文改错考点) · It is difficult for the elderly to adapt to the fast-paced digital life.(老年人很难适应快节奏的数字生活。) 5. dark (adj. 黑暗的;深色的;n. 黄昏) 转换形式:darkness (n. 黑暗;阴暗) 核心例句: · The little girl was afraid to walk alone in the darkness.(小女孩害怕独自在黑暗中行走。——2023年新高考I卷完形填空语境词) · As the sun set, the sky turned dark gradually.(太阳落山后,天空渐渐变暗了。) 6. direct (adj. 直接的;v. 指导;指挥) 转换形式:direction (n. 方向;指示);directly (adv. 直接地;立即) 核心例句: · Can you tell me the direction to the nearest hospital?(你能告诉我去最近医院的方向吗?——2022年全国甲卷语法填空) · The manager told us to report the problem directly to him.(经理让我们把问题直接向他汇报。) · She directed a popular movie last year, which won several awards.(她去年执导了一部热门电影,该电影获得了多个奖项。) 7. danger (n. 危险;风险) 转换形式:dangerous (adj. 危险的) 核心例句: · It is dangerous to swim in the river without adult supervision.(没有成人监护的情况下在河里游泳很危险。——2024年新高考II卷书面表达安全提示) · The hikers were not aware of the hidden danger in the forest.(徒步旅行者没有意识到森林中隐藏的危险。) 8. discuss (v. 讨论;探讨) 转换形式:discussion (n. 讨论;议论) 核心例句: · After a long discussion, we finally reached an agreement.(经过长时间的讨论,我们最终达成了一致。——2021年全国乙卷阅读理解) · The teacher asked us to discuss the topic in groups of four.(老师让我们四人一组讨论这个话题。) 9. discover (v. 发现;发觉) 转换形式:discovery (n. 发现;新发现) 核心例句: · The discovery of penicillin has saved millions of lives.(青霉素的发现拯救了数百万人的生命。——2023年全国乙卷阅读理解科普篇) · Scientists recently discovered a new species of butterfly in the rainforest.(科学家最近在雨林中发现了一种新的蝴蝶物种。) 奇速故事记单词+时文阅读+答题技巧(真人1v1陪练) E开头高频词形转换 1. excite (v. 使兴奋;使激动) 转换形式:excited (adj. 感到兴奋的;感到激动的);exciting (adj. 令人兴奋的;令人激动的);excitedly (adv. 兴奋地;激动地);excitement (n. 兴奋;激动) 核心例句: · The excited children jumped up and down when they saw the cartoon characters.(看到卡通人物时,兴奋的孩子们蹦蹦跳跳。——2022年新高考I卷完形填空) · It is an exciting experience to climb the Great Wall for the first time.(第一次爬长城是一次令人兴奋的经历。) · She waved her hand excitedly to greet her old friend.(她兴奋地挥手问候她的老朋友。) · The news of his admission to Peking University filled his family with excitement.(他被北京大学录取的消息让全家都充满了兴奋。) 2. encourage (vt. 鼓励;激励) 转换形式:encouragement (n. 鼓励;支持) 核心例句: · Teachers' encouragement plays an important role in students' growth.(老师的鼓励在学生成长中起着重要作用。——2024年全国甲卷书面表达) · My parents always encourage me to pursue my dreams bravely.(父母总是鼓励我勇敢追求自己的梦想。) 3. exact (adj. 精确的;准确的) 转换形式:exactly (adv. 确切地;正是) 核心例句: · Can you tell me the exact time when the meeting will start?(你能告诉我会议开始的确切时间吗?——2021年新高考II卷语法填空) · That's exactly what I want to express in my article.(那正是我想在文章中表达的意思。) 4. enter (v. 进入;参加) 转换形式:entrance (n. 入口;入学) 核心例句: · The entrance to the museum is on the left side of the square.(博物馆的入口在广场的左侧。——2023年全国甲卷听力场景词) · He decided to enter the competition to challenge himself.(他决定参加比赛来挑战自己。) · Gaining entrance to a top university requires hard work.(考入顶尖大学需要付出努力。) 5. express (v. 表达;表示;adj. 快递的) 转换形式:expression (n. 表达;表情) 核心例句: · Her facial expression showed that she was very satisfied with the result.(她的面部表情表明她对结果非常满意。——2022年全国乙卷完形填空) · We should learn to express our feelings in a proper way.(我们应该学会用恰当的方式表达自己的情感。) · I sent the package by express to ensure it arrives on time.(我用快递寄了这个包裹,以确保它能按时到达。) 6. easy (adj. 容易的;舒适的) 转换形式:easily (adv. 容易地;轻松地) 核心例句: · With the help of the app, we can easily solve the math problem.(在这个应用程序的帮助下,我们可以轻松解决这道数学题。——2024年新高考I卷阅读理解) · It is not easy to master a foreign language in a short time.(短时间内掌握一门外语并不容易。) 7. explain (v. 解释;说明) 转换形式:explanation (n. 解释;说明) 核心例句: · The teacher gave a clear explanation of the grammar rule.(老师对这条语法规则做了清晰的解释。——2021年全国I卷语法填空) · You need to explain why you were late for the meeting.(你需要解释一下你为什么开会迟到了。) 8. expect (v. 期待;预料;期望) 转换形式:expectation (n. 期待;期望) 核心例句: · The students' performance exceeded the teacher's expectations.(学生们的表现超出了老师的期望。——2023年新高考II卷书面表达) · We expect that the project will be completed by the end of this month.(我们预计这个项目将在本月底完成。) 9. edit (v. 编辑;校订) 转换形式:editor (n. 编辑;编者);edition (n. 版本;版次) 核心例句: · The editor asked the writer to revise the article before publication.(编辑要求作者在发表前修改这篇文章。——2022年全国甲卷阅读理解) · I need to edit the video to make it more attractive.(我需要编辑这个视频,让它更有吸引力。) · The latest edition of the dictionary includes many new words.(这本词典的最新版本收录了许多新单词。) 10. educate (v. 教育;培养) 转换形式:educated (adj. 受过教育的;有教养的);education (n. 教育;培养) 核心例句: · Education is the key to improving people's quality of life.(教育是提高人民生活质量的关键。——2024年全国乙卷阅读理解) · Her parents educated her to be honest and kind from an early age.(她的父母从小就教育她要诚实善良。) · He is an educated man who knows a lot about art and literature.(他是一个有教养的人,对艺术和文学了解很多。) 11. employ (v. 雇佣;使用) 转换形式:employer (n. 雇主;老板);employee (n. 雇员;员工);employment (n. 就业;雇佣) 核心例句: · The company provides many employment opportunities for local people.(这家公司为当地人提供了许多就业机会。——2023年全国乙卷阅读理解) · The employer decided to employ more young people with professional skills.(雇主决定雇佣更多有专业技能的年轻人。) · Every employee should follow the rules and regulations of the company.(每个员工都应该遵守公司的规章制度。) 12. equip (v. 装备;配备;使具备) 转换形式:equipment (n. 设备;装备——不可数名词) 核心例句: · The school has purchased a lot of advanced teaching equipment.(学校购买了许多先进的教学设备。——2022年新高考I卷语法填空) · We need to equip ourselves with knowledge and skills to adapt to the society.(我们需要用知识和技能武装自己,以适应社会。) 13. exist (v. 存在;生存) 转换形式:existence (n. 存在;生存) 核心例句: · Scientists have proved the existence of water on Mars.(科学家已经证实了火星上有水存在。——2024年新高考II卷阅读理解科普篇) · Many rare animals are struggling to exist in the changing environment.(许多珍稀动物在不断变化的环境中艰难生存。) F开头高频词形转换 1. fail (v. 失败;未能;不及格) 转换形式:failure (n. 失败;失败的人或事) 核心例句: · We should regard failure as a chance to learn and improve ourselves.(我们应该把失败看作是学习和提升自己的机会。——2021年全国乙卷书面表达) · He failed to pass the driving test because he was too nervous.(他因为太紧张,没有通过驾照考试。) 2. fright (n. 惊吓;恐惧) 转换形式:frighten (v. 使害怕;吓唬);frightened (adj. 感到害怕的);frightening (adj. 令人害怕的) 核心例句: · The frightened child hid behind his mother when he saw the big dog.(看到那条大狗时,受惊的孩子躲到了妈妈身后。——2023年全国甲卷完形填空) · The storm caused a frightening scene in the coastal area.(暴风雨在沿海地区造成了令人恐惧的景象。) · Don't frighten the little birds; they are very fragile.(不要吓唬这些小鸟,它们很脆弱。) 3. free (adj. 自由的;免费的;v. 释放;使自由) 转换形式:freedom (n. 自由);freely (adv. 自由地;随意地) 核心例句: · People all over the world pursue freedom and happiness.(全世界的人都追求自由和幸福。——2022年全国乙卷阅读理解) · The library provides free books for the local residents.(这家图书馆为当地居民提供免费书籍。) · You can express your opinions freely in this discussion.(在这次讨论中,你可以自由表达自己的观点。) 高考词形转换核心规律总结: 1. 动词变名词:常加 -ment (develop→development)、-ion (discuss→discussion)、-tion (invent→invention)、-ation (educate→education); 2. 名词变形容词:常加 -ful (care→careful)、-less (hope→hopeless)、-y (dirt→dirty)、-ous (danger→dangerous); 3. 形容词变副词:常加 -ly (easy→easily),注意“以y结尾变i加ly”(happy→happily); 4. 情感类形容词:-ed结尾表“人感到……”(excited),-ing结尾表“事物令人……”(exciting)。 奇速故事记单词+时文阅读+答题技巧(真人1v1陪练)
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