An outbreak of measles（麻疹）that began at Disneyland before Christmas is affecting lives in many states. Seventy people have been diagnosed with measles, and hundreds more have been exposed at schools, doctor's offices, hospitals, shopping malls and other places visited by infected patients. Arizona became the latest state to report a case of measles related to Disneyland when a woman in her 50s was diagnosed. The outbreak has spread to Utah, Washington, Colorado and Oregon.

As in earlier measles outbreaks, schools and hospitals prove to be hot spots for exposing large numbers of people to the virus, one of the most contagious diseases. Its common symptoms include a fever, dry cough, runny nose and inflamed eyes. Children are often so sensitive to light that they must be kept in a dark room. 

Measles can linger in the air, infecting people even two hours after a sick person has left the room. People who suspect that they or a family member have measles should not simply show up at a clinic or hospital. Instead, people should call ahead. That allows clinic staff to schedule the visit at a time when fewer patients are around. Patients may be asked to enter through a back door, where staff can give them a mask and user them into an exam room.

The American Academy of Pediatrics（小儿科）sent out a notice urging parents to vaccinate their children. Children typically receive a first measles shot around their first birthday and another before they start kindergarten. One dose（剂量） of measles vaccine is about 92% effective, and two doses are 98% effective.

People can get a blood test to measure their immunity to measles. These tests could be a good idea for those who are at high risk or who plan to travel to countries with large measles outbreaks can get blood tests to measure their protection. People planning an overseas vacation also can simply get another shot. 

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1.How many states were affected by measles?

A Two.

B Four.

C Six.

D Eight.

解析：选C。C。 细节理解题。从文章第一段第一句的An outbreak of measles that began at Disneyland可以得知迪斯尼所在的加利福尼亚州受到了影响；另外第一段第三句的Arizona became the latest state可以得知亚利桑那州也被感染了，再加上第一段第四句提到的四个州Utah, Washington, Colorado and Oregon，不难得知受麻疹影响的州有六个。

2.Why do schools and hospitals become the hot spots for measles?

A Because many people may be exposed to the contagious virus.

B Because it is common disease beginning everywhere in schools.

C Because these two places haven’t realized the danger of the virus.

D Because they don’t have proper knowledge of the dangerous illness.

解析：选A。A。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句的for exposing large numbers of people to the virus, one of the most contagious diseases可知是因为这两个地方人群密集，所以如果其中有人患有麻疹，由于麻疹容易传播，所以这两个地方成了麻疹传播的热点地区。

3.Who would get infected by measles?

A The persons who like to stay in the dark rooms.

B The persons who suffer from cough during night.

C The persons who share rooms with sick persons.

D The persons who enter hospitals through back doors.

解析：选C。C。推理判断题。根据第三段第一句的infecting people even two hours after a sick person has left the room病菌会在病人出现的房间内存活两个小时，因此和病人共处一个房间的人是容易被传染的。

4.What is the best way to prevent the measles?

A The earlier vaccination.

B The enjoyment in Disneyland.

C The effective mask.

D The education in kindergarten.

解析：选A。A。推理判断题。根据第四段第三句的One dose of measles vaccine is about 92% effective, and two doses are 98% effective可知接种疫苗是最好的预防方式。

5.The underlined phrase “these tests” may refer to _______.

A getting some necessary shots

B planning to travel abroad

C having their blood checked

D protecting their money

解析：选C。C。词意推测题。根据第五段第一句的People can get a blood test to measure their immunity to measles可知这些检查指的是一个血液抗体检测。