Brazilian artist Vik Muniz uses everyday objects in unusual ways. Through his art, Muniz makes people think differently about their everyday lives-even their own rubbish.

In 2007, Muniz worked on a two-year project at one of the world’s largest landfills. Until its closure in 2012, Jardim Gramacho received about 70 percent of the rubbish from Rio de Janeiro. About 3,000 rubbish pickers, known as catadores, worked there. Their job was to hunt through the rubbish for recyclable cans, bottles, and other materials. They then made money by selling the objects to recycling companies.

The catadores’ work was dirty and dangerous, and most of them only received between $20 and $25 a day. Despite the hard conditions, many catadores were proud of their work. Valter Dos Santos, a worker at Jardim Gramacho for more than 25 years, told Muniz, “I am proud to be a picker. I try to explain to people that recycling prevents great harm to nature and the environment. People sometimes say, ‘But one single soda can?’ One single can is of great importance! That single can will make the difference.”

Muniz became friends with Dos Santos and other catadores. They allowed him to take their photographs at the landfill, where they posed for artistic portraits. For example, Muniz photographed a landfill worker in the style of a famous French painting. The workers then helped Muniz create huge images of these photos on the floor of his workshop. They used materials from the landfill to add color and depth to the images.

       Muniz says he wanted to “change the lives of people with the same materials they deal with every day.” A photograph of his recreation of the French painting sold for £28,000 ($50,000) at a London art auction. Muniz gave the money to the catadores workers’ organization.

In 2010, a movie called Waste Land was made about Muniz’s project. The film received many awards and helped make people aware of the rubbish collectors’ lives. The catadores also began to see themselves differently. “Sometimes we see ourselves as so small,” says Irma, a cook at Gramacho, “but people out there see us as so big, so beautiful.”

1.1. Why did the writer mention Valter Dos Santos?

A To tell the story of a catador’s life.

B To describe the catadores’ hard conditions.

C To show the value of a catador’s work.

D To give an example of successful catadores.

解析：选C。C 推理判断题。解析：文章第三段引用 Valter Dos Santos 的话，重点在于他说的 "I am proud... prevents great harm... One single can is of great importance"。这是为了展示尽管工作卑微，但他们认为自己的工作对环保有巨大价值。A、B 只是背景，D 文中未提及成功，C 最符合引用的目的。

2.2. What can we learn about Muniz’s photographs?

A They were all taken at the landfill.

B He spent a long time on each of them.

C They were only part of his unusual creation.

D He took them in the style of famous paintings.

解析：选C。C 细节理解题解析：根据第四段内容，Muniz 先是 "photographed"（拍照），然后工人们帮助他 "create huge images... on the floor"（在地板上创作巨大的图像）。这说明照片只是创作过程的一部分（素材），最终的艺术品是地板上的巨幅拼贴画。因此照片只是他不寻常创作的一部分。A 错误，因为最后创作是在 workshop；B 文中未提；D 错误，文中只说有一张是模仿名画风格，不是所有。

3.3. Which of the following is the most suitable for ______?

A Why take such photos of these catadores?

B Why create such huge images using rubbish?

C How to help these people in a creative way?

D How to turn everyday objects into art pieces?

解析：选B。B 推理判断题解析：这是一道补全标题的题目。空格位于第四段（描述创作过程）和第五段（解释创作目的）之间。第四段详细描述了他们如何用垃圾在地板上创作巨大的图像。第五段第一句 Muniz 解释了为什么要这么做（改变生活）。因此，B 选项 "Why create such huge images using rubbish?"（为什么要用垃圾创作这样巨大的图像？）起到了承上启下的作用，引出下文的原因。A 侧重照片，D 侧重泛泛的艺术，C 侧重帮助的方式，都不如 B 贴合第四段的具体内容。

4.4. Which of the following shows the right order of the things that happened? a. A movie was made about Muniz’s project. b. Gramacho stopped receiving rubbish. c. Dos Santos started working at Gramacho. d. Muniz made friends with some catadores.

A d-c-b-a.

B c-d-b-a.

C d-c-a-b.

D c-d-a-b.

解析：选D。D 推理判断题解析：根据文中时间线索排序：1. c: 第三段提到 Dos Santos worked there for more than 25 years（2007 年时他已工作 25 年以上，说明开始时间最早）。2. d: 第四段开头提到 Muniz became friends with...（2007 年项目开始后发生）。3. a: 最后一段提到 In 2010, a movie...。4. b: 第二段提到 Until its closure in 2012...（关闭是在 2012 年）。因此顺序是 c-d-a-b，选 D。