Using self-developed specialized gas detectors and pixel readout chips, a joint research team led by the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has, for the first time in an experiment, directly observed the Migdal effect during the collision between neutrons and atomic nuclei. This not only confirms a quantum mechanics prediction made 87 years ago but also provides key experimental evidence for the search for lighter dark matter particles in the universe. The relevant research findings were published in the journal Nature on the 15th.