Halloween, one of the most beloved festivals in Western cultures, is famous for its lively and scary traditions that bring joy to both children and adults. From dressing up in creative costumes to carving pumpkins into jack-o’-lanterns, each custom carries a unique history and meaning. Among these well-known traditions, three stand out as the most classic ones — loved by people across generations and still widely celebrated today.

Trick or treat

Trick or treat is the practice of pulling usually harmless jokes if treats are not given. Trick-or-treaters go from house to house with the threat that they will pull a trick if they do not receive a treat, usually candy. According to Scottish accounts, this practice evolved from All Souls’ Day, when children and poor adults would collect food and money from local homes in return for prayers for the dead. Later, when the festival became secular, this practice of prayers for the dead was replaced by tricks, songs, and jokes.

Bobbing for apples

Halloween parties often include games such as bobbing for apples, perhaps originating from Roman traditions related to Pomona. In this game, apples float in a tub or other container of water, and players try to catch one with their teeth, without using their hands.

Avoiding a black cat’s path

Among the most popular animals associated with Halloween, black cats have perhaps the most notorious reputation. One of the most retold old Halloween beliefs warns against letting a black cat cross one’s path. This belief dates back to medieval Europe, when folklore held that witches or even the Devil could be disguised as black cats. People started believing that bad luck would happen to them if a black cat ran across their path. This thought travelled to North America with European colonists and strengthened black cats’ scary reputation.

These three traditions are more than just fun activities. They carry the history of different cultures. Today, they still play a key role in making Halloween a festival full of laughter, excitement, and a touch of mystery.

1.1. Why did children collect food on All Souls’ Day in the past?

A To get treats for themselves.

B To help poor adults.

C To offer to the dead.

D To play tricks on others.

解析：选A。A 推理判断题。根据第二段的“when children and poor adults would collect food and money from local homes in return for prayers for the dead”可知，在万灵节期间，儿童和穷困的成年人会挨家挨户募集食物与钱财，而“为逝者祈祷”是他们换取这些物资的交换条件。这意味着儿童募集食物的核心目的是为自己获取物资（即后来“不给糖就捣蛋”中的“treats”），“祈祷”是达成该目的的手段，由此可推知答案为A。

2.2. How is the “bobbing for apples” game specifically played?

A By throwing apples into water.

B By catching apples with teeth only.

C By peeling apples with hands.

D By counting apples in a basket.

解析：选B。B细节理解题。根据第三段的“players try to catch one with their teeth, without using their hands”可知，游戏规则是参与者仅用牙齿捕捉水中的苹果，与选项B一致。故选B。

3.3. Why did black cats become a symbol of Halloween?

A They were considered sacred animals.

B They represented wisdom and magic.

C They were popular household pets.

D They were associated with bad luck.

解析：选D。D推理判断题。根据第四段中世纪欧洲传说“witches or even the Devil could be disguised as black cats”和“bad luck would happen to them”等描述，可推理出黑猫因被视为厄运象征而与万圣节产生关联。故选D。

4.4. What is the common significance of the three Halloween traditions discussed in the passage?

A They connect culture across time.

B They were once religious ceremonies.

C They show regional creativity.

D They amuse children mainly.

解析：选A。A推理判断题。根据最后一段描述，这些传统承载历史文化并在现代仍具活力，起着连接过去与现在的文化桥梁作用。故选A。