People who experience moves before the age of 15 are over 40% more likely to be diagnosed (诊断) with depression in later life, a new study has shown.

    The study was carried out by researchers from Aarhus University (Denmark), the University of Plymouth (UK) and the University of Manchester (UK). It analysed all residential locations of almost 1.1 million people born in Denmark between 1981 and 2001 and who stayed in the country during the first 15 years of their lives. It then tracked those same individuals into adulthood, and found at least 35,000 of those still living within Denmark had later received a medical diagnosis of depression.

    As part of a detailed analysis, the study supported existing evidence by showing that individuals who live in income deprived (不足的) neighbourhoods during childhood are more likely — by a factor of around 10% — to develop depression in adulthood. Does this mean that depression is solely related to low income? The study, for the first time, showed that experiences of moving during childhood — whether between or within poor or rich neighbourhoods — are also associated with significantly higher rates of depression in adulthood.

    Specifically, children who move once between ages 10 and 15 are 41% more likely to be diagnosed with depression than those who don’t move. And if a child moves twice or more between the ages of 10 and 15, the risk rises to around 61%. This is a stronger effect than growing up in a poor neighbourhood. It has led researchers behind the study to suggest a settled home environment — in terms of location — during childhood may be one way of protecting against future mental health issues.

    And while its focus was on a significant proportion of the Danish population, the study authors say they would expect to find similar outcomes across many parts of the world.

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1.1. What is the primary finding of the study?

A Residents in Denmark are more easily to become depressed.

B Living in the same neighborhoods consistently reduces depression.

C Childhood moves have a negative effect on adulthood mental health.

D The risk of depression is solely dependent on genetic factors.

解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段的“People who experience moves before the age of 15 are over 40% more likely to be diagnosed with depression in later life”和第三段的“The study, for the first time, showed that experiences of moving during childhood — whether between or within poor or rich neighbourhoods — are also associated with significantly higher rates of depression in adulthood”可知，童年时期搬家会导致成年后抑郁症发病率增加。故选C。

2.2.What can we know about the study population?

A They were mainly from UK.

B They all went to university.

C They were born after 1981.

D They left Denmark before teens.

解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的“almost 1.1 million people born in Denmark between 1981 and 2001 and who stayed in the country during the first 15 years of their lives”1981年至2001年间在丹麦出生的近110万人，在他们生命的前15年里一直留在丹麦。故选C。

3.3. What do the researchers suggest in the fourth paragraph?

A Parents should make more money to support the family.

B Parents should avoid moving until their children grow up.

C Parents should care about their children’s mental health.

D Parents should not raise their children in poor neighborhoods.

解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“It has led researchers behind the study to suggest a settled home environment — in terms of location — during childhood ...”这项研究的研究人员建议在儿童时期要有一个固定的家庭环境——就地理位置而言……即父母尽量在孩子长大之前避免搬家。故选B。

4.4. Where is the text most likely taken from?

A A life diary.

B A guidebook.

C A biography.

D A science magazine.

解析：选D。推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一项最新研究，童年时期搬家可能导致孩子长大后更容易患上精神方面的疾病。并结合第二段内容，这项研究是由丹麦奥胡斯大学、英国普利茅斯大学和英国曼彻斯特大学的研究人员进行的。由此可推断，本文可能来自于科学杂志。故选D。