Research has found that children do better at primary school if their fathers regularly spend time with them on interactive engagement activities like reading, playing, telling stories, drawing and singing. ____1____ primary school test scores for five- and seven-year-olds, the researchers used a ____2____ sample of nearly 5,000 mother-father households — which ____3____ data on children born 2000-2002 as they grew up. 

Dr Helen Norman, who led the research, said: “Mothers still tend to ____4____ the primary carer role and therefore ____5____ to do the most childcare, but if fathers actively ____6____ childcare too, it significantly increases the ____7____ of children getting better grades in primary school. This is why ____8____ and supporting fathers to share childcare with the mother, from an early stage in the child’s life, is ____9____.”

Dads’ involvement impacted ____10____ on their children’s school achievement ____11____ the child’s gender, age, the school year and household income, according to the report.

The researchers recommend that dads ____12____ as much time as they can to engage in ____13____ activities with their children each week. For busy, working dads, even just ten minutes a day could potentially have ____14____ benefits. They also ____15____ that schools and early years education providers ____16____ take both parents’ contact details (where possible) and develop strategies to engage fathers.

Dr Jeremy Davies, who co-authored the report, said: “Our ____17____ has shown that fathers have an important, direct ____18____ on their children’s learning. We should be recognizing this and actively finding ways to ____19____ dads to play their part, rather than engaging only with mothers, or taking a gender-neutral ____20____.”

1.1.

A Increasing

B Giving

C Analyzing

D Maintaining

解析：选C。C考查动词辨析。句意：研究人员对5-7岁小孩的小学考试成绩进行了“分析”。故选C。

2.2.

A vivid

B small

C unknown

D representative

解析：选D。D 考查形容词辨析。研究人员做研究，肯定需要使用有“代表性的”样本。故选D。

3.3.

A collected

B trained

C saved

D earned

解析：选A。A考查动词辨析。研究人员研究的样本“收集”了2000年至2002年出生的孩子成长过程中的数据。故选A。

4.4.

A assign

B assume

C admit

D bear

解析：选B。B考查动词辨析。母亲“承担”着养育孩子的主要角色。故选B。

5.5.

A object

B stick

C manage

D tend

解析：选D。D考查动词辨析。根据前文“Mothers still tend to”“and therefore”可知，母亲仍倾向于承担主要照顾者的角色，因此往往“倾向于”承担更多的照顾孩子的工作。故选D。

6.6.

A pay for

B give up

C engage in

D worry about

解析：选C。C考查动词短语辨析。如果父亲也积极“参与”照顾孩子，将大大增加孩子在小学阶段取得更好成绩的几率。故选C。

7.7.

A chance

B honor

C awareness

D risk

解析：选A。A考查名词辨析。如果父亲也积极“参与”照顾孩子，将大大增加孩子在小学阶段取得更好成绩的几率。故选A。

8.8.

A comforting

B praising

C encouraging

D allowing

解析：选C。C考查动词辨析。根据后文的“and supporting”可知此处两个动词表并列，“鼓励”和支持父亲在孩子的早期阶段与母亲共同照顾孩子。故选C。

9.9.

A critical

B strange

C common

D dramatic

解析：选A。A考查形容词辨析。上文说，父亲参与照顾孩子，将大大增加孩子在小学阶段取得更好成绩的几率，因此，父亲在孩子的早期阶段与母亲共同照顾孩子是“至关重要的”。故选A。

10.10.

A confidently

B positively

C negatively

D carefully

解析：选B。B考查副词辨析。父亲参与教育孩子会对孩子的学习成绩产生“积极”影响。故选B。

11.11.

A instead of

B in addition to

C regardless of

D aside from

解析：选C。C考查介词短语辨析。句意：报告表明，“无论”孩子的性别、年龄、学年和家庭收入如何，父亲的参与都会对学生的学习成绩产生积极影响。故选C。

12.12.

A figure out

B cut down

C slow down

D carve out

解析：选D。D考查动词短语辨析。句意：研究人员建议爸爸们每周尽可能多地“抽出”时间与孩子进行互动活动。故选D。

13.13.

A entertaining

B interactive

C physical

D complicated

解析：选B。B考查形容词辨析。根据第一段第一句的“interactive engagement activities”以及该句句意可知，研究人员建议爸爸们每周尽可能多地抽出时间与孩子进行“互动”活动。故选B。

14.14.

A emotional

B educational

C social

D physical

解析：选B。B考查形容词辨析。句意：对于工作繁忙的爸爸们来说，即使每天只有十来分钟，也可能有“教育的”好处。故选B。

15.15.

A command

B determine

C recommend

D demand

解析：选C。C考查动词辨析。该段第一句的“The researchers recommend that”和本句的“They also...that”可知，此处也是研究人员“建议”。故选C。

16.16.

A skillfully

B apparently

C gradually

D routinely

解析：选D。D考查副词辨析。句意：他们还建议学校和早期教育机构“定期”收集父母双方的联系方式，并指定策略让父亲参与进来。故选D。

17.17.

A analysis

B statement

C example

D summary

解析：选A。A考查名词辨析。根据前文“who co-authored the report”可知这里说的是研究里面对该研究对象进行的“分析”。故选A。

18.18.

A challenge

B profit

C standard

D impact

解析：选D。D考查名词辨析。句意：分析表明，父亲对孩子的学习有着重要而直接的“影响”。故选D。

19.19.

A control

B support

C advise

D impress

解析：选B。B考查动词辨析。句意：我们应该认识到这一点，并积极寻找方法来“支持”父亲发挥他们的作用。故选B。

20.20.

A approach

B access

C permission

D application

解析：选A。A考查名词辨析。句意：我们应该认识到这一点，并积极寻找方法来支持父亲发挥他们的作用，而不是让孩子只有母亲接触，或者采取性别中立的“方法”。故选A。