中考真题2024福建省阅读理解C篇--海洋探索
Though oceans cover about 71 percent of the earth’s surface, there’s still a lot we don’t know about them. Only about 20 percent of the seafloor has been mapped, and the remaining 80 percent is still a secret to us. Some scientists even think that 91 percent of sea animals have yet to be discovered.
So why do we know so little about the deep sea? Well, getting to those depths is very difficult and requires high technology that simply didn’t come into being for most of human history. The first navigable submarine (可驾驶的潜水艇), for example, was built in 1620, and it couldn’t go more than five meters below the surface. In fact, for a long time many scientists didn’t even think that there could be any life at depths greater than 550 meters and didn’t see much need to explore (探索) the deep sea. However, this changed in 1862 when life was discovered as far down as 945 meters below sea level with the help of a digging machine. Ten years later, around 4, 700 species (物种) unknown before from the ocean floor were discovered.
Since then, high technology has been developed to help explore the deep sea, including satellites. But why is deep-sea exploration still so difficult? Well, at greater depths it is freezing (极冷的), everything is completely dark, and the pressure can be over 1, 000 times greater than that on the surface.
Though we have the difficulties, it’s important that we understand the seas. They help control the earth’s temperature and produce half of the oxygen (O2) in the air. They can also provide us with information about climate change. Our future depends on learning more about our oceans, and it is possible for us to really understand what is ongoing below the surface.
1.Why are some numbers listed in Paragraph 1?
A To introduce how important oceans are.
B To discuss why sea animals have yet to be found out.
C To explain that oceans cover a large area of the earth.
D To show that we have only a little understanding of oceans.
解析：选D。D段意理解。文章第一段的数字表明各方面我们对海洋的了解，但其实最后第一段末尾也说到：剩下的 80% 对我们来说仍然是个秘密。一些科学家甚至认为，有 91% 的海洋动物尚未被发现。说明我们对海洋的了解很有限。A介绍海洋的重要性。B．讨论为什么海洋动物还没有被发现。C． 解释海洋覆盖了地球上很大的面积。A，B ,C都是错误的。
2.What caused the change of exploration into the deep sea?
A High technology.
B Unknown species.
C A pleasant environment.
D Valuable information.
解析：选A。A文章出处。第三段原文可知“Since then, high technology has been developed to help explore the deep sea, including satellites. ”意为“从那时起，包括卫星在内的高科技技术不断发展，帮助人们探索深海。”所以选A。
3.What does the underlined word “They” in the last paragraph refer to?
A Sea animals.
B The seas.
C The satellites.
D Many scientists.
解析：选B。B句意理解。原文表达的意思是：他们有助于控制地球的温度，并产生空气中一半的氧气（O2）。结合前句“虽然我们有困难，但了解海洋很重要。”说明下一句是讲的为什么海洋重要的原因，可知“they”指的是“海洋”A海洋动物，C卫星， D许多科学家 ，三个选项都是错误的。
4.What can we learn from the text?
A It is difficult to build a navigable submarine.
B The seas have a strong influence on our future.
C The seas have no lives at a depth of 550 meters.
D It is easier to go into the deep sea than we think.
解析：选B。B细节理解。问题是从文中我们可以学到什么？A建造可航行的潜水艇很困难，错误，第二段说道第一艘可驾驶的潜水艇是在 1620 年建造了；B海洋对我们的未来影响很大，正确； C在550米深的海底没有生命，错误，第二段原文讲到人们在海平面以下 945 米处发现了生命 D．进入深海比较容易 ，错误，第三段说道深海勘探是很困难的。
5.What could be the best title of the text?
A Hidden Treasures in Deep Sea
B Unlocked Secrets of Deep Sea
C Deep-Sea Exploration: Into the Freezing Depths
D Deep-Sea Exploration: The Past and the Future
解析：选C。C主旨大意。问题是这篇课文最好的标题是什么？A．隐藏在深海中的宝藏，没有提及，错误； B．解开深海的秘密，没有C项合适；C．深海探险．进入冰冷的深海 ，高度概括文章内容讲述深海的探索不易，D．过去与未来，讲述对象不明。