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Around AD 80, the first London Bridge was built over the river Thames from the Southwark settlement and at its northern end a large town grew up, which was to become London. Two other wood bridges followed, but one was blown away in 1091. A third was built in 1163 by Peter de Colechurch, who said that his next bridge would be of stones.
William Rufus levied a tax for building a stone bridge. The bridge took thirty-three years to build. It was finished in 1209 and lasted over 600 years. It had a road 20 feet wide and had a gatehouses. People began building houses and shops on the bridge and this continued in the years to come. The song “London Bridge is Falling Down—My Fair Lady” was based on the bridge in the 13th century when Queen Eleanor was given the tolls from the bridge as a present from her husband, Henry III. But she didn’t spend the money on the bridge. So the bridge was broken. People became angry and sang “London Bridge is falling down, my fair lady”. The bridge finally returned to the City of London in 1281, but that winter the ice was so heavy that a part of the bridge did fall down into the water, and a wood bridge had to be built for that part. Later, people were ordered to keep to the left, which soon became the rule of the road.
In 1824, John Rennie began to build a new bridge. The bridge was built 180 feet west of the old bridge and for a time Londoners could see both the old bridge and the new one side-by-side. The new wide bridge was busy at once and even more when the railways came to London, and London Bridge Station opened just south of London Bridge. However, John Rennie’s bridge was not to survive as long as Peter de Colechurch’s and a new modern bridge appeared in the 1960s. An American named Robert McCulloch learned that the British Government would sell the old bridge. He paid $2,460,000 for it and rebuilt the bridge in his own country.

1.Which of the following is NOT true from Paragraph 1?

A The first London Bridge was built around AD 80.

B London was once a large town in the north of the Southwark settlement.

C The first London Bridge was built by Peter de Colechurch.

D One of the two other wood bridges was blown away in 1091.

解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句的Around AD 80, the first London Bridge was built over the river Thames from the Southwark settlement 以及第一段最后一句的A third was built in 1163 by Peter de Colechurch可知第一座伦敦桥并非由Peter de Colechurch修建，故选C。

2.The first bridge by Peter de Colechurch was made of ______.

A wood

B bamboo

C stones

D glasses

解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第一段第二、三句Two other wood bridges followed, but one was blown away in 1091. A third was built in 1163 by Peter de Colechurch, who said that his next bridge would be of stones. 可知他说他的下一座桥是石桥，因此可推知他的第一座桥是木头制成的，故选A。

3.When did William Rufus begin to build the bridge?

A In 1163.

B In 1176.

C In 1209.

D In 1242.

解析：选B。数字计算题。根据第二段的The bridge took thirty-three years to build. It was finished in 1209 可知该桥开始修建的时间为：1209年（竣工时间）减去建设时间（33年），即为1176年，故选B。

4.Which of the following didn’t help to build the bridge over the river Thames?

A William Rufus.

B Peter de Colechurch.

C John Rennie.

D Robert McCulloch.

解析：选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句An American named Robert McCulloch learned that the British Government would sell the old bridge. He paid $2,460,000 for it and rebuilt the bridge in his own country.可知Robert McCulloch是在泰晤士河上“拆桥”，在美国修桥，所以他没有帮助在泰晤士河上修桥，故选D。