奇速英语官网—英语在线学习平台_让学英语更快乐_更快速

Chinese researchers have developed the world's first-ever 4D printing for ceramics that are mechanically strong and can have complex shapes, offering broad possible applications in telecommunications, electronics and even space exploration.

The 3D-printed ceramic precursors are soft and can be stretched three times beyond their original length. These flexible and stretchable ceramic precursors allow complex shapes. With proper heat treatment, ceramics with complex shapes can be made, making them the 4D ceramics.

4D printing is conventional 3D printing combined with the additional element of time as the fourth dimension, where the printed objects can re-shape or self-assemble themselves over time with external factors, such as mechanical force, temperature, or a magnetic field.

The existing 3D-printed ceramic precursors, which are usually difficult to deform, also hinder the 4D printing of ceramics with complex shapes. With the versatile shape-morphing capability of the printed ceramic precursors, its application can be huge. One promising application will be for electronic devices because ceramic materials have much better performance in transmitting electromagnetic signals than metallic materials. With the arrival of 5G networks, ceramic products will play a more important role in the manufacture of electronic products.

Also, the artistic nature of ceramics and their capability to form complex shapes also provide the potential for consumers to tailor-make uniquely designed ceramic mobile phone back plates. Furthermore, this innovation can be applied in aero industry and space exploration. Since ceramic is a mechanically strong material that can go through high temperatures, the 4D-printed ceramic has high potential to be used as a propulsion component in the aerospace field.

1.What does the underlined word “stretched” mean in Chinese?

A 压缩.

B 延伸.

C 折叠.

D 扩充.

解析：选B。词义猜测题。根据后面的three times beyond their original length可知是变为原来大小的三倍，即延伸，故选B。

2.What is the difference between 3D and 4D printing?

A 4D printing has more complex shapes.

B It takes longer time to print 4D printing.

C 4D printing can change its shape after being printed.

D 4D printing can be used in more fields.

解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第三段4D printing is conventional 3D printing combined with the additional element of time as the fourth dimension, where the printed objects can re-shape or self-assemble themselves over time with external factors, such as mechanical force, temperature, or a magnetic field.可知4D是在3D的基础上加上一个时间维度，使得打印出来的物品可以在特定条件下再次塑形，故选C。

3.Why will 4D printing be widely used in electronic products?

A he cost of making an electronic product by 4D printing is low.

B 4D printing products can change their shapes under special condition.

C 5G networks will improve people’s life greatly.

D Ceramic materials can transmit signals better than metallic materials.

解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第四段第三句One promising application will be for electronic devices because ceramic materials have much better performance in transmitting electromagnetic signals than metallic materials.可知4D打印被广泛应用于电信行业是因为陶瓷相较于金属材料能更好地传递电磁信号，故选D。

4.Why could 4D printing be applied in aero industry and space exploration?

A 4D printing makes complex shapes form easily.

B Ceramic is cheap to produce and easy to get.

C Ceramic is strong and can go through high temperature.

D 4D printing can produce in a great amount.

解析：选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句Since ceramic is a mechanically strong material that can go through high temperatures, the 4D-printed ceramic has high potential to be used as a propulsion component in the aerospace field.可知4D打印能广泛应用于航空航天事业是因为陶瓷硬度高且耐高温，故选C。

5.In which column of a newspaper can you see this passage?

A Sports and Exercise.

B Education and Culture.

C Food and Health.

D Science and Technology.

解析：选D。推理判断题。本文介绍了4D打印，有什么优势，可以运用在哪些领域，这是最新科技动态，因此应该出现在科技栏目上，故选D。