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Three American physicists have won the 2017 Nobel prize in physics for the first observations of gravitational waves(引力波). The waves in the fabric of spacetime were anticipated by Albert Einstein a century ago.

Rainer Weiss has been given one half of the 9 million Swedish kronor (825,000 pounds) prize, told by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm on Tuesday. Kip Thorne and Barry Barish will share the other half of the prize.

All three scientists have played leading roles in the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory, or Ligo experiment. The experiment made the first historic observation of gravitational waves in 2015. The waves were produced by the violent merger of two black holes a billion light years away.

Prof Olga Botner is a member of the Nobel committee for physics. He described this as “a discovery that shook the world”.

1.The 2017 Nobel Prize for Physics is given for _______.

A the first observations of gravitational waves

B the anticipation of gravitational waves

C the waves production in the black hole merger

D their leading roles in the Ligo experiment

解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Three American physicists have won the 2017 Nobel prize in physics for the first observations of gravitational waves. 可知他们被授予诺贝尔物理学奖是因为他们观察到了引力波的存在，故选A。

2.The 2017 Nobel Prize for Physics is shared by_____.

A Rainer Weiss, Kip Thorne and Prof Olga Botner

B Rainer Weiss, Barry Barish and Prof Olga Botner

C Kip Thorne, Barry Barish and Prof Olga Botner

D Rainer Weiss, Kip Thorne and Barry Barish

解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段Rainer Weiss has been given one half of the 9 million Swedish kronor (825,000 pounds) prize, told by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm on Tuesday. Kip Thorne and Barry Barish will share the other half of the prize.可知获得诺贝尔物理学奖的人是Rainer Weiss, Kip Thorne和 Barry Barish，故选D。

3.The prize of the 2017 Nobel Prize for Physics is______.

A 2.25 million Swedish kronor

B 4.5 million Swedish kronor

C 9 million Swedish kronor

D 18 million Swedish kronor

解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Rainer Weiss has been given one half of the 9 million Swedish kronor (825,000 pounds) prize, told by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm on Tuesday.可知诺贝尔物理学奖的奖金是9百万瑞典克朗，故选C。

4.What does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refer to?

A The observations of gravitational waves.

B The winners of Nobel prize for physics.

C How far the waves are from the earth.

D How the waves were produced.

解析：选A。词义猜测题。本文主要讲述2017年的诺贝尔物理学奖授予给了观测到引力波的三位科学家，并介绍了引力波的形成，说明了这是具有历史意义的，由此可知震惊世界的是引力波的观察，故选A。

5.Where can you find this passage?

A In a science fiction.

B In a love story book.

C In a scientific magazine.

D In a business web.

解析：选C。推理判断题。根据全文内容是涉及科学可知应该出现在科学杂志上，故选C。