食物菜单标明运动量可帮助食客减少热量摄入
Menus showing the exercise needed to burn calories(卡路里) in meals can help people eat less, a US study suggests.
Diners given this extra information ordered and ate less calorific(高热量的) food than other customers, a team at Texas Christian University found. Customers may be told how many calories a cheeseburger has. But if they know that it takes two hours of fast walking to burn off a cheeseburger, they will benefit more.
They now plan larger experiments. Researchers Dr Meena Shah and Ashlei James divided 300 volunteers aged 18 to 30 into three groups. One received a menu without any calorie information, another menus with the calories showed, and the third menus that showed both calories and the amount of exercise needed to burn them off. All of the menus offered the same choice of food and drink, which included burgers, sandwiches, salad, chips, soft drinks and water. None of the volunteers knew the reason for the study and the researchers took into consideration hunger levels when explaining their findings.
The group given the menus with the extra information about how much fast walking would be needed to burn off the food ordered and ate much less than the group who had menus with no calorie information. They took in 100 fewer calories, on average, as a result.
Dr Shah said, “This is the first study to look at the effects of showing minutes of fast walking needed to burn food calories on the calories ordered and took in. This study suggests there are benefits.” The researchers say fast walking is something nearly everyone can think of.
“We can’t put this experiment result to a population over age 30, so we will find more information about this in an older and more diverse group,” Dr Shah added.
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1.What should diners be told according to the study
A Menus showing calories
B Exercise costs of a meal.
C Calories in a cheeseburger.
D Two hours of fast walking
解析：选B。B 推理判断题。根据第一段“Menus showing the exercise needed to burn calories(卡路里) in meals can help people eat less”以及第二段最后一句“But if they know that it takes two hours of fast walking to burn off a cheeseburger, they will benefit more.”可知，食客应该被告知的是消耗一餐饭所摄入热量需要的运动量。故选 B。
2.What does the underlined word “them” refer to?
A Experiments.
B Menus.
C Calories.
D Groups.
解析：选C。C 词意指代题。根据前面的“the third menus that showed both calories and the amount of exercise”可知菜单展示了食物所含的卡路里，以及消耗(burn off)这些卡路里所需要的运动量。由此可知此处them 指代的是卡路里。故选 C。
3.Which of the following might NOT be the object of the study?
A Julia, 19, ordering sandwiches and salad
B Andy, 27, ordering salad and chips.
C Tony, 25, ordering burgers and sandwiches.
D Siya, 29, ordering salad, chips and wine.
解析：选D。D 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句的“divided 300 volunteers aged 18 to 30 into three groups”以及第四句“All of the menus offered the same choice of food and drink, which included burgers, sandwiches,salad, chips, soft drinks and water”可知被研究的对象年龄在 18 到 30 岁之间，并且所点食物包括burgers, sandwiches, salad, chips, soft drinks and water。D 项中的 wine 超出了点餐范围。故选 D。
4.What will the researchers probably do next?
A They will look at the effects of the calories
B They will find out more benefits of fast walking.
C They will do experiments among people over age 30.
D They will make more people fall in love with fast walking
解析：选C。C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“We can’t put this experiment result to a population over age30, so we will find more information about this in an older and more diverse group,” 可知，前面所做实验的结果不能用于 30 岁以上的人群，他们还会在年龄更大更多样化的群体中找到更多关于这方面的信息。由此可推断，他们接下来会在 30以上的人群中做实验。故选 C。
5.What’s the best title of the passage?
A Fast Walking Helps Diners Burn off Calories.
B Experiments Show Diners Like Menus with Extra Information.
C Food Menus Listing Amount of Exercise Lead to Healthier Choices.
D Researchers Tried to Make Menus with Extra Information Popular.
解析：选C。C 文章标题题。本文主要介绍了餐馆里展示消耗所摄入卡路里所需要的运动量的菜单对于食客点餐所带来的有利影响，因此 C 项符合文意。故选 C。