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The Ice Bucket Challenge, sometimes called the ALS Ice Bucket Challenge, is an activity involving pouring a bucket of ice water on one’s head to raise awareness of the disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and encourage donations to research.

The origins of the idea of pouring cold water on one’s head to collect money for charity are unclear. From mid-2013 to early 2014, a challenge of called the “Cold Water Challenge” became popular on social media in areas of the Northern United States. The task involved the option of either donating money to cancer research or having to jump into cold water.

Within 24 hours of being challenged, participants are filmed continuously. First, they are to announce their acceptance（接受）of the challenge followed by putting ice into a bucket of water. The bucket is then lifted overhead and poured over the participant’s head. Then the participant can call out a challenge to other people.

In mid 2014, the Ice Bucket Challenge spread quickly on social media and became a pop culture phenomenon. According to The New York Times people shared more than 1.2 million videos on Facebook between June 1 and August 13 and mentioned the phenomenon more than 2.2 million times on Twitter since July 29.

After the Ice Bucket Challenge became popular on social media, public awareness and charitable donations to ALS charities grew rapidly. On August 21, 2014, The New York Times reported that the ALS Association had received $41.8 million in donations from July 29 until August 21. More than 739,000 new donors have given money to the association, which is more than double the $19.4 million in total contributions the association received during the year that ended January 31, 2013.

A number of people criticized the campaign, accusing it of making self-enjoyment, focusing primarily on fun rather than donating money to charity. It is feared that the challenge encouraged moral freedom and some people might take the challenge as charitable acts. Other people said the challenge wasted water, worsening（加剧）the drought in the world.

1.Why does the author write this passage?

A To raise people’s awareness of the disease ASL.

B To introduce the development of a pop culture phenomenon.

C To tell us how to accept an ice bucket challenge.

D To make criticism over this water-wasting campaign.

解析：选B。B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，本文将介绍“冰桶挑战”。结合文章第四段可知，“冰桶挑战”是一个流行的文化现象。故选B。

2.What is the correct order of the participant’s performance in the video? call out challenge to other people=CCP; put ice into bucket=PIB; pour ice water over head=PWH; announce acceptance of challenge=AAC; donate money to research=DMR; jump into cold water=JCW

A AAC→PIB→PWH→DMR

B PIB→AAC→DMR→CCP

C CCP→PIB→AAC→JCW

D AAC→PIB→PWH→CCP

解析：选D。D。细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，接受挑战的人在二十四小时之内做出回应，录制连续的视频，正确的顺序是：首先宣布接受挑战，然后在桶里放入冰块，接着将冰水从头顶上浇下来，最后再挑战别人。

3.What can we infer from the passage?

A Many people accept the challenge and expect to do something for charity.

B The idea was shared by many people and became a pop culture phenomenon.

C Many people have fun pouring ice water over head.

D Social media contributed a lot for the research of ALS.

解析：选A。A。推理判断题。作者在文章第四段列举了两个数字，证明了“冰桶挑战”属于流行文化现象。由此判断，很多人接受了挑战，并希望为慈善机构捐款。

4.Why does the author line out the donations in Paragraph Five?

A The author expects to prove the donors’ enthusiasm in supporting the research.

B The author attempts to say that the work of charities is successful.

C The author wants to prove the effect of the Ice Bucket Challenge.

D The author is intended to express his amazement about social media.

解析：选C。C。推理判断题。根据文章第五段可知，受这种流行文化现象的影响，给ASL捐款的人数及款项成倍递增。由此判断，作者罗列这些数字的目的是为了证实“冰桶挑战”这种文化现象的效果。

5.What is people’s fear according to the passage?

A They fear that the campaign will use up water in the world.

B They fear that some people will take the challenge as charity donation.

C They are afraid that people will take the challenge as a kind entertainment.

D They are afraid that people will do what they like with moral freedom.

解析：选B。B。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段It is feared that the challenge encouraged moral freedom and some people might take the challenge as charitable acts可知，人们担心的是“冰桶挑战”鼓励道德自由，从而将接受挑战，浇一桶冰水了之，而代替了实际的捐赠行为。