Women have long known how make-up can increase their confidence. And now, it seems that it is also more likely to help them pass exams.
Research shows that women who put on make-up before taking a test got ten to twenty percent higher marks than those who did not wear any. Psychologists say the result could be due to the lipstick effect, which means make-up helps increase self-esteem(自尊心) and has a knock-on effect on memory, confidence and mental ability.
The study in journal Cogent Psychology involved 200 female students, all studying the same subject with similar self-esteem, make-up habits and IQs. The women were randomly divided into three groups and asked to put on make-up, listen to music, or draw. All then took an exam based on a chapter of a textbook they had just read. Results showed the women who made up got an average of 24.2 out of 30, compared to 19.9 and 22 in the other groups.
The researchers, from Harvard Medical School and Chiyetti University in Italy, said, “Women may use make-up to increase self-esteem by adding their attractiveness; this makes them feel better under stress. Positive emotion makes information more accessible in memory.”
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